Kuti uenderere mberi nekusimudzira sainzi yekuparidzirwa kwekudzivirira kenza yekervical kuvakadzi vezera rakakodzera uye kuvandudza hutano hwevakadzi, yekutanga yekudzivirira kenza yekervical hurukuro inoratidzira ine dingindira rekuti "hutano hwakanaka, yakanaka imba kirasi, inotungamira basa resainzi. ” yakavhurwa muBeijing.Tan Xianjie, chiremba mukuru wegynecology uye obstetrics weBeijing Union Medical College Hospital, Zou Shien, chiremba mukuru wegynecology uye obstetrics weFudan University Affiliated Hospital yeGynecology uye Obstetrics, uye Chen Qiuping, mukuru wedhipatimendi rehutano reLiulitun Community Health Service Center. , Chaoyang District, Beijing, akatora danho kuti azivise ruzivo rwechirwere chegomarara remuromo wechibereko uye kudzivirira kune veruzhinji muchimiro chitsva uye mazwi anosekesa, zvichibatsira kukurumidza kubviswa kwegomarara remuchibereko.
Huwandu hwechirwere chegomarara remuchibereko huri kuwedzera, zvichiratidza hudiki
Chirwere chegomarara remuromo wechibereko chinowanzoonekwa nemunhukadzi.Muna 2020, kuchange kuine vanhu vatsva vanosvika 604000 vegomarara remuchibereko uye 342 000 ndufu pasi rose.Muna 2020, kune vanhu vatsva vanosvika 11 000 vegomarara remuromo wechibereko kuChina, uye nhamba yevakafa ingangosvika mazana mashanu nemazana mapfumbamwe, zvichireva chikamu che18% chezviitiko zvepasi rose zvegomarara rechibereko uye 17% yevakafa vese nekuda kwegomarara remuromo wechibereko.Sezvo budiriro yehupfumi nemagariro eChina, kuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri uye kuvandudzwa kwemaguta kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera, uye nharaunda nemararamiro evagari vanochinja nekukurumidza, huwandu hwechirwere chegomarara remuromo wechibereko huri kuramba huchiwedzera, zvichiratidza maitiro evechidiki, uye avhareji yezera iri kuramba ichidzikira.
Muna 2020, World Health Organisation yakazivisa Global Strategy yekumhanyisa Kupedza kweCervical Cancer.Mumakore achangopfuura, China yakakoshesa zvikuru hutano hwevakadzi uye nekushingaira kuita mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yekudzivirira gomarara remuromo wechibereko nezviito zvakakosha.Muna Ndira 2023, National Health Commission nemamwe madhipatimendi gumi akapa Chiziviso cheKudhinda uye Kugovera Chirongwa Chekuita cheKukurumidzira Kupedzwa kweCervical Cancer (2023-2030), iyo yakaratidza pachena kuti panosvika 2030, basa rekuyedza rekudzivirira kweHPV. vasikana vezera rechikoro vacharamba vachisimudzirwa;Kuongororwa kwechirwere chegomarara rechibereko muvakadzi vezera rechikoro chakasvika 70%;Muyero wekurapwa kwegomarara remuchibereko uye maronda ekare akasvika pa90%.
Tan Xianjie akataura kuti kunyangwe gomarara remuchibereko rine njodzi, kune mikana mitatu yekuidzivirira, kureva, kudzivirira-nhanho-nhatu, ndiko kuti, kudzivirira kwekutanga kuderedza hutachiona hweHPV kuburikidza nekudzivirira kwekudzivirira kweHPV uye mararamiro ane hutano, kudzivirira kwechipiri kusvika panguva. kuona uye kubata maronda ane precancerous kuburikidza nekuongorora gomarara rechibereko, nekudzivirira kwepamusoro kuita oparesheni neradiotherapy yegomarara remuromo wechibereko.
Isa jekiseni nekukasika, usabatire pamushonga weHPV wemutengo wepamusoro
China ndiyo nyika ine nhamba huru yemishonga yeHPV yakabvumidzwa pasi rose.Kune mijekiseni mishanu yeHPV yevakadzi vane makore 9 kusvika makumi mana nemashanu ekuberekwa, kusanganisira inotorwa kunze kwenyika bivalent HPV vaccine, four-valent HPV vaccine, mapfumbamwe-valent HPV vaccine uye maviri emumba bivalent HPV vaccine.Huwandu hunoratidza kuti kubva muna 2018 kusvika 2020, huwandu hwekudzivirira kweHPV kuChina hwakawedzera gore negore, kubva pamadhora 3.417 miriyoni muna 2018 kusvika 12.279 miriyoni dosi muna 2020, asi mwero wekudzivirira uchiri kuda kuvandudzwa.
Zou Shien akataura kuti dzimwe shamwari dzechikadzi dzakasimbirira kumirira yemhando yepamusoro yekudzivirira yeHPV pachinzvimbo chejekiseni, saka vakapotsa "nguva yakanaka" yekudzivirira gomarara rechibereko.Isu tinofanirwa kudzivirira neupofu kumirira majekiseni eHPV emutengo wepamusoro, izvo zvisingakodzere kurasikirwa kana uine hutachiona mukumirira.Tinofanira kukurudzira veruzhinji kuti vatevedzere musimboti we "jekiseni rekutanga uye kuchengetedzwa kwekutanga", uye kusarudza zviri nyore zvinoenderana nemidziyo yekudzivirira uye nemamiriro avo ehupfumi.
KuChina, chikamu chinodarika 84.5% checervical squamous cell carcinoma kesi zvine chekuita nehutachiona hweHPV mhando 16 ne18.Panyaya iyi, Zou Shien akataura kuti HPV16 neHPV18 imhando dzakanyanya kukosha dzeHPV dzine njodzi huru, uye bivalent, four-valent uye mapfumbamwe-valent HPV vaccines inogona kuvharwa.Kubaiwa kwebivalent HPV vaccine kunogona kudzivirira gomarara remuromo wechibereko zhinji uye maronda ekare, uye kudzivirira gomarara "kwakakwana".Hazvina mhosva kuti mutengo wei wejekiseni, kubaya kwekutanga "kwakakosha".
Kurumidza kubayiwa uchiri mudiki uye uvandudze yekutanga kudzivirira uye kudzivirira mutsara wegomarara rechibereko
Se “muchengeti wegedhi” wehutano hwevagari, grass-roots community health service centre inoita basa rakakosha mukudzivirira gomarara remuromo wechibereko padanho reuswa.Kuburikidza nekuita zviitwa zvakaita sechirwere chegomarara remuromo sainzi kufarirwa uye kubaiwa kwekudzivirira kweHPV, inoparadzira ruzivo rwesainzi, chaiyo uye inoshanda yegomarara remuchibereko uye inovandudza mwero wekudzivirira kwekudzivirira kweHPV.Panguva imwecheteyo, kupa masevhisi ekudzivirira kweHPV kuvakadzi vezera rechikoro zvakare rimwe remabasa akakosha edhipatimendi rehutano renzvimbo yehutano yenharaunda.
Chen Qiuping akataura kuti pari zvino, nzvimbo dzehutano dzenharaunda dzinogona kubaya mishonga yekudzivirira yeHPV kubva kunze kwenyika;Panguva imwechete yezvirwere zvesainzi zvakakurumbira, nerubatsiro rwepamhepo reservation chikuva, vanhu vazhinji vanoda kubayiwa neHPV vaccine vachapihwa nekukurumidza kuchengetedza chiteshi.Batsira kukurumidza kubviswa kwegomarara remuromo wechibereko nekuramba uchivandudza masevhisi ekudzivirira kweHPV."Tinoshingairira kuyeuchidza vakadzi vezera rakakodzera kuti vaderedze kuzeza kwavo kwakabatana nekudzivirira uye kudzivirira kupotsa nguva yekudzivirira yakanakisa nekuda kwekuramba vakamirira emitengo yeHPV."
Parizvino, chirwere chegomarara remuromo wechibereko chiri kuita chidiki, uye vakadzi vazhinji vatanga kuuya nevana vavo kuti vazobvunza nezvekudzivirira kweHPV.Mukupindura, Chen Qiuping akati gwaro rezvinzvimbo pajekiseni reHPV rakapihwa neWorld Health Organisation rakasimbisa kuti vanhu vakanyanya kutariswa kubayiwa kweHPV vaive vasikana vane makore 9 kusvika gumi nemana, uye madosi maviri ekudzivirira kweHPV akakurudzirwa.Iyi nzira yekudzivirira inodhura uye iri nyore, izvo zvakakosha pakuvandudza kuwanikwa kwejekiseni uye mwero wekudzivirira.
Kudzivirirwa kwegomarara remuchibereko hakufanirwe kuve "pfuti imwe chete", asi kunofanirwa kuomerera pakuongororwa nguva dzose
Mushure mekudzivirira kwekutanga nejekiseni yeHPV, yakasanganiswa neyakajairwa kuongororwa gomarara remuromo wechibereko chekudzivirira kwechipiri, zvakakoshawo kudzivirira maronda egomarara remuchibereko mune precancerous uye mavambo egomarara.Gomarara remuchibereko rinogona kuongororwa necervical HPV test uye TCT test (liquid based thin layer cell test).Nekuda kuona maronda emumuromo mechibereko uye gomarara remuchibereko nekukasika, vanamazvikokota vanokurudzira kuti vanhukadzi vane makore anodarika makumi maviri nemashanu ekuberekwa vanoita bonde vanofanira kugara vachiongororwa.Vanogona kuenda kudhipatimendi rekervical, dhipatimendi regynecology kana dhipatimendi rehutano hwevakadzi rechipatara uye kugadzira chirongwa chekuongorora maererano nekurudziro yachiremba.
Tan Xianjie akati kudzivirira gomarara remuromo wechibereko hakufanirwe kuve "pfuti imwe chete".Vanhukadzi vezera chairo vanoita bonde vanofanirwawo kunovhenekwa gomarara remuchibereko mushure mekupedza kubaiwa HPV.Kazhinji, zvinokurudzirwa kutarisa kamwe chete makore maviri ega uye kugadzirisa frequency zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yekutanga kuongorora.Kukasika kuvhenekwa nekurapwa gomarara remuromo wechibereko kunogona kubatsira varwere kuti vabvise chirwere ichi nekukasika uye kuderedza ndufu dzegomarara remuchibereko.Zou Shien akakurudzirawo kuti pakanga pasina chikonzero chekuvhunduka kana hutachiona hweHPV kana maronda emuchibereko awanikwa, ingoenda kuchipatara chenguva dzose.Ingave yabatwa neHPV kana kuti kwete, gomarara remuromo wechibereko rinogona kudzivirirwa nejekiseni reHPV rakasanganiswa nekuongororwa gomarara remuchibereko.
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Nguva yekutumira: May-17-2023