Izvo zvakanyanya kukwira kumusoro iboka risinganzwisisike.Kana kugadzirwa kwepamusoro kwakavharwa, vepakati, mafekitori epasi, uye kunyange vatengi vanozonyanya "kurara papfuti dzavo"!Kungofanana nekupisa kwemagetsi emotokari indasitiri cheni, kushomeka kwerithium bhatiri raw materials kwaunza matambudziko makuru pakugadzirwa kwemabhatiri emagetsi, ayo akanamira mutsipa weindasitiri yemotokari yemagetsi.Kana ichingoita longitudinal conduction, zvakanaka!Zvinoshamisa ndezvokuti, zvinhu zvinogonawo kudzorana.Somuenzaniso, kubvira gore rino, kuderera kwemitengo yepeturu muBrazil kwakava netapuro inooneka pamitengo yeshuga!
1. Transmission Logic yePesvedzero yeCrude Oiri Mutengo paMutengo weShuga
Shuga zvinhu (shuga/beet) zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvese shuga uye ethanol, uye ethanol inonyanya kushandiswa mukubatanidza peturu.Nekusimudzirwa kwe ethanol munyika dzinogadzira shuga pasi rose, chikamu che ethanol kubva munzimbe chakawedzera zvakanyanya.Sa "mambo wezvigadzirwa", kushanduka kwemutengo wemafuta asina kuchena kuchakanganisa mutengo wepeturu, nokudaro uchiendesa kumutengo we ethanol, uye pakupedzisira uchikanganisa mutengo weshuga.Mune ramangwana, mutengo wezvigadzirwa zvekurima uchave wakanyatsoenderana nemutengo wemafuta asina kuchena.
Logic yepesvedzero yemutengo wemafuta asina kuchena pamutengo weshuga:
1) Seyepamusoro pemvura mbishi, mutengo wepeturu yakanatswa unonyanya kuenderana nemafuta asina kuchena.
2) Zvakafanana neyakacheneswa mitengo yemafuta epamba, mutengo wepeturu wemuBrazil unotarwa nePetrobras zvichibva pachiyero chakayerwa chemitengo yeUS crude oil (WTI), Brent crude oil (BRENT) uye US unleaded peturu (RBOB).
3) MuBrazil, padivi rekugadzira, nzira yekutsikirira nzimbe yezvigayo zvakawanda zveshuga inogona kugadzirisa chiyero chekugadzira ethanol neshuga.Kubva pakuona kwekugona kwemafekitari eshuga yenyika, kugadziridzwa kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekugadzira shuga hunenge 34% - 50%.Kugadziriswa kunonyanya kuenderana nekusiyana kwemutengo pakati pehuga uye ethanol - kana mutengo weshuga wakanyanya kukwirira kupfuura ethanol, mafekitari eshuga eBrazil achawedzera kugadzirwa kweshuga;Kana mutengo weshuga wava pedyo neiyo ethanol, zvigayo zveshuga zvichabudisa ethanol yakawanda sezvinobvira;Kana mitengo yevaviri iri pedyo, nokuti yakawanda yekutengesa ethanol iri muBrazil, mafekitari eshuga anogona kukurumidza kubvisa mari, nepo zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvekugadzirwa kweshuga zvinoshandiswa kunze kwenyika, uye kukurumidza kwekuunganidza kwekubhadhara kuchave kunonoka.Naizvozvo, kuwanda kwemafekitori eshuga munyika, ndiko kuwedzera kwavanoita kugadzira ethanol.Chekupedzisira, kuBrazil, kugadziridzwa kwe1% chikamu chekugadzira shuga kuchakanganisa 75-80 miriyoni matani emafekitori eshuga.Naizvozvo, pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, mafekitari eshuga anogona kugadzirisa shuga inobuda pamatani mamiriyoni 11-12 pasina kuchinja nzimbe, uye kuchinja uku kwakaenzana nokubuda kweshuga kweChina mugore.Zvinogona kuoneka kuti kugadzirwa kwe ethanol yeBrazil kune kukanganisa kukuru pakuwanikwa kweshuga yepasi rose uye kudiwa.
4) KuBrazil, absolute ethanol inosungirwa kusanganiswa nepeturu yakachena (peturu A) kugadzira peturu C (27%);Mukuwedzera, pachiteshi chegesi, vatengi vanogona kushanduka kusarudza kuisa C-type peturu kana hydrous ethanol mutangi yemafuta, uye sarudzo inonyanya kuenderana nehupfumi hwezvose zviri zviviri - calorific value ye ethanol inenge 0.7 ye petroli.Nokudaro, kana mutengo we hydrous ethanol kusvika kuC-type petroli uri pasi pe0.7, vatengi vachawedzera kushandiswa kwe ethanol uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwepeturu;neimwe nzira
5) Pamusoro peBrazil, India, European Union nedzimwe nyika dziri kukurudzirawo kugadzirwa kwe ethanol.KuUnited States, semugadziri mukuru we ethanol pasi rose, chibage chinoenderana nechibage, asi mutengo wechibage ethanol muUnited States unokanganiswawo nemitengo yemagetsi.Pakupedzisira, pane kutengeserana pakati peUnited States chibage ethanol neBrazil nzimbe ethanol.Ethanol yekuAmerica inogona kutumirwa kuBrazil, uye Brazilian ethanol inogonawo kutumirwa kuUnited States.Iyo yekuunza uye kutumira kunze inoenderana nemusiyano wemutengo pakati pezviviri.
Mukushaikwa kwekupokana kutsva kwakakosha, kushaya simba kwemusika wenguva pfupi yeshuga kwakabatana zvakanyanya nekuderera kwemitengo yemafuta.Kana mutengo wemafuta asina kuchena wadzikama, misika yeshuga yemunyika nekunze inotarisirwa kukwira zvakare.
2. Mitemo yenyika huru dzinogadzira inoshanduka, uye dingindira remusika weshuga hype "itsva"
"Maererano nenzvimbo dzinopisa dzichangobva kuitika mumisika yeshuga yemukati nekunze, mazhinji acho ane hukama nenyika dzinogadzira."Mumwe mutengesi weshuga muNanning, Guangnan, akaudza vatori venhau kuti kusvika pari zvino, nyika zhinji pasi rese dzakazivisa kurambidza kana zvirambidzo pakutengesa shuga kwadzo kunze, uko nyika dzinogadzira shuga nekutengesa kunze kwenyika Brazil neIndia dzine simba guru pamusika. , ichiteverwa nePakistan, Thailand, Indonesia nedzimwe nyika.
Zvinonzwisisika kuti pakati penyika huru dziri pamusoro dzinogadzira shuga, India yakaganhura huwandu hweshuga inotengeswa kunze kwenyika.Chikonzero chakapihwa ndechekuona kugadzikana kwezvinhu zvayo zvemumba uye kudzivirira mitengo yeshuga kuti isakwira.Zvakafanana neIndia, Pakistan iri kuyedzawo kuderedza inflation uye kuve nechokwadi chekuwanikwa kwayo mudzimba.Nekudaro, Pakistan yakaita nhamburiko huru kupfuura India, uye yakazivisa zvakananga kurambidzwa kwakazara kwekutengesa kwayo shuga kunze kwenyika kutanga kwaMay.Kubva pakuona kweBrazil, inonyanya kukosha.Sezvo iri nyika huru kwazvo pasi rose inogadzira shuga, ine chekuita neshuga pasi rose.Parizvino, zvichipesana nemitengo yakakwira yemafuta epasi rose, mafekitori eshuga eBrazil anozeza kugadzira shuga yakawanda, kunyangwe mitengo yeshuga yakakwirawo zvakanyanya.
Nekudaro, kune nhau yekuti mutero wemafuta muBrazil uchatungamira mukudonha kwemitengo yeshuga.Ikozvino musika uri kutarisisa kufambira mberi kwebhiri.Zvinonzwisiswa kuti bhiri reBrazil (dhizaini) rinogona kucheka mitero yemafuta, kunyanya peturu, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti mafekitori eshuga abve kubva mukugadzirwa kwe ethanol kuenda kukugadzira shuga, uye pakupedzisira kudzikisa mutengo weshuga wepasi rose.
Parizvino, hurumende yeBrazil iri kusimudzira mutemo wekudzikamisa mutero weICMS pamafuta kusvika 17%.Sezvo mutero wazvino weICMS papeturu wakakwira kupfuura ethanol, uye wakakwira kudarika 17%, bhiri iri richakonzera kudzikira kwemitengo yepeturu.Kuti urambe uchikwikwidza, ethanol inofanirawo kudzikiswa mumutengo.Mune ramangwana, kana mutengo we ethanol ukadzikira, iwo mafekitori anogona kuchinjika kugadzira ethanol yakawanda kana shuga yakawanda zvichienderana nemutengo wemusika anogona kushandura kugadzirwa kweshuga, nekudaro kuwedzera kwepasirese.Nyanzvi dzakataura kuti mumusika wakakosha wemafuta eSao Paulo, mutemo mutsva unogona kuderedza kukwikwidza kwe ethanol zvichienzaniswa nepeturu ne8 muzana, zvichiita kuti zviome kuti mitengo yebiofuel ikwikwidze.
Zvinonzwisiswa zvakare kuti Vietnam ichamisa kuferefeta kuferefetwa pashuga yakanatswa kubva kuvavakidzani veASEAN (Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia, Laos neMyanmar) kusvika munaChikunguru 21, mwedzi miviri gare gare kupfuura nguva yekupedzisira yaMay 21. Mukuwedzera, Indonesian. hurumende yakawedzera kupihwa kwemvumo kune vanocheneswa mudzimba nezvigayo zveshuga.Vietnam ndeimwe yevakanyanya kucheneswa shuga vatengesi muAsia.Kubva hurumende yakazivisa kuiswa kwe47.64% mutero pashuga yakacheneswa inotengeswa kubva kuThailand, kupinza kwayo shuga yakanatswa kubva kuIndonesia kwakawedzera.Mushure mekunge Thailand yaisa mutero wepamusoro wekutengesa shuga, shuga yakawanda kubva kuIndonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia, Laos neMyanmar yakayerera ichipinda muVietnam.
3. Makakatanwa pakati pepeturu nemutengo weshuga
Gasoline inonatswa kubva kumafuta asina kuchena.Mutengo wepeturu inotengeswa nePetrobras kune vanoigovera unoenderana nemutengo weparity wekunze, unoumbwa nemutengo wepasi rose wepeturu pamwe nemutengo ungatakurwa nemutengesi.Kana mutengo wepeturu wepamba muBrazil watsauka kubva pamutengo wemafuta epasi rose kusvika pamwero wakati, Petrobras inogadzirisa mutengo wayo wepamba peturu ex fekitori.Naizvozvo, mutengo wepasi rose wemafuta asina kuchena uchakanganisa zvakananga mitengo yePetrobras (mutengo weChikamu A peturu).
Kubva gore rino, rakakanganiswa nemamiriro ezvinhu muRussia neUkraine, mutengo wemafuta asina kuchena wakakwira zvakanyanya.Musi waKurume 11, Petrobras yakakwidza mutengo wepeturu ne18.8%.Huwandu hukuru hwe data rekutsvagisa pamusika hunoratidza kuti mota dzemafuta dzinochinjika dzinogona kushandisa peturu C kana hydrous ethanol sesimba sosi.Varidzi vemotokari vanowanzo sarudza mafuta zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemutengo we ethanol / petroli.70% ndiyo mutsara unoparadzanisa.Pamusoro pemutsara wekuparadzanisa, vanosarudza kushandisa peturu, kana zvisina kudaro vanosarudza ethanol.Iyi sarudzo yevatengi inongozoendeswa kune vanogadzira.Kumafekitari ekugadzira nzimbe, kana mutengo wemafuta asina kuchena pasi rose ukakwira, ndiwo achaisa kugadzirwa kwe ethanol panzvimbo peshuga.
Mutsara muchidimbu: mutengo wemafuta wakasimuka - mutengo wepeturu wakasimuka muBrazil - kushandiswa kwe ethanol kwakawedzera - kugadzirwa kweshuga kwakadzikira - mutengo weshuga wakasimuka.
Semugadziri mukuru pasi rose uye mutengesi weshuga, chinzvimbo cheBrazil pamusika weshuga wepasi rose chiri pachena kune vese.Kunyangwe shuga yeBrazil yakakwira, huwandu hwayo hwekushandisa mudzimba hunoita isingasviki 30% yezvakabuda.Kutengeswa kwayo kunze kwenyika kunodarika 70% yeshuga inobuda munyika, uye zvinopfuura makumi mana kubva muzana zvekutengesa kunze kwenyika.Nekudaro, iyo inomaly ndeyekuti, kusiyana neakawanda epfungwa inotaridza kukwira nekudonha kwezvinhu, hukama hwekugovera uye hunodiwa hwemitengo yeshuga haunyatso kuratidza shanduko mumitengo yeshuga yepasi rose.Zvinhu zvinobatanidzwa zvakaoma zvishoma.Kazhinji kutaura, zvine chekuita nekunyanya kuwanda kwekugadzirwa kweshuga yepasi rose uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika.Naizvozvo, kana iwe uchida kuziva maitiro emutengo weshuga, unofanirwa kuzvitarisa wakabatana neBrazil, iyo huru inogadzira shuga.
CICC yakaita mumiriri wemhedziso: mune yepasi rose mitengo yemitengo yeshuga, chinhu chakakosha chemutengo weshuga weBrazil chiri mudivi rekupa, kwete kudivi rekudiwa.Kubva pamaonero ezvakakosha zvemumba, kushandiswa kwemumba kweBrazil kwave kugadzikana mumakore achangopfuura, uye huwandu hwekupa hwakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura kudiwa kwekushandisa.Naizvozvo, pane yenguva refu yekugovera uye yekuda curve, shanduko yemukati padivi rekupa ndiyo kiyi yekuona mutengo weshuga weBrazil, uye zvakare chinhu chikuru chinokanganisa mutengo weshuga wepasirese.Panyaya yemutengo weshuga wepasi rose, pasi pekutarisira kwegoho repamusoro reBrazil, maererano nekufanotaura kweUSDA, kuburitswa kweshuga yepasi rose muna 2022/23 kuchawedzerawo ne 0.94% gore negore kusvika kumamiriyoni zana nemakumi masere nematatu emamiriyoni, zvichiri munzvimbo yekuwandisa.
Nemamwe mashoko, maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu aripo iye zvino, hakuzovi nokushomeka kwezvokudya.Pamusika weshuga wemazuva ano, pane kupesana pakati pekuwedzera kwekugadzirwa munyika huru dzinogadzira uye kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi.Zvakadaro, nekufamba kwenguva, shanduko dzakakosha dzakaunzwa nemutengo wemafuta asina kuchena zvichave nemhedzisiro inosvika kure pamutengo weshuga.Nekubatsirwa kwemamwe macro factor, iyo yakareba-yakareba shuga inotarisirwa kuramba ichikura yakasimba pamwe nemutengo wemafuta.
Nhoroondo ye JinDun Chemicalyakazvipira kusimudzira nekushandiswa kweakakosha acrylate monomers uye akakosha makemikari ane fluorine.JinDun Chemical ine OEM kugadzirisa zvidyarwa muJiangsu, Anhui nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakashandira pamwe kwemakumi emakore, ichipa imwe yakasimba tsigiro yemasevhisi ekugadzira emakemikari akakosha.JinDun Kemikari inoomerera pakugadzira timu ine zviroto, kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvine rukudzo, zvine hungwaru, zvine hungwaru, uye enda zvese kunze kuti uve shamwari yakavimbika uye shamwari yevatengi!Edza kugadzirazvinhu zvitsva zvemakemikarikuunza ramangwana riri nani panyika!
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-22-2022